The U.S. on Saturday opened COVID-19 vaccines to infants, toddlers and preschoolers.<\/p>\n
The shots will become available next week, expanding the nation\u2019s vaccination campaign to children as young as 6 months.<\/p>\n
Advisers to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended the vaccines for the littlest children, and the final signoff came hours later from Dr. Rochelle Walensky, the agency\u2019s director.<\/p>\n
\u201cWe know millions of parents and caregivers are eager to get their young children vaccinated, and with today\u2019s decision, they can,\u201d Walensky said in a statement.<\/p>\n
While the Food and Drug Administration approves vaccines, it\u2019s the CDC that decides who should get them.<\/p>\n
The shots offer young children protection from hospitalization, death and possible long-term complications that are still not clearly understood, the CDC\u2019s advisory panel said.<\/p>\n
The government has already been gearing up for the vaccine expansion, with\u00a0millions of doses ordered\u00a0for distribution to doctors, hospitals and community health clinics around the country.<\/p>\n
Roughly 18 million kids will be eligible, but it remains to be seen how many will ultimately get the vaccines. Less than a third of children ages 5 to 11 have done so since vaccination opened up to them last November.<\/p>\n
Here are some things to know:<\/p>\n
WHAT KINDS ARE AVAILABLE?<\/p>\n
Two brands \u2014 Pfizer and Moderna \u2014 got the green light Friday from the FDA\u00a0and Saturday from the CDC. The vaccines use the same technology but are being offered at different dose sizes and number of shots for the youngest kids.<\/p>\n
Pfizer\u2019s vaccine is for children 6 months to 4 years old. The dose is one-tenth of the adult dose, and three shots are needed. The first two are given three weeks apart, and the last at least two months later.<\/p>\n
Moderna\u2019s is two shots, each a quarter of its adult dose, given about four weeks apart for kids 6 months through 5 years old. The FDA also approved a third dose, at least a month after the second shot, for children with immune conditions that make them more vulnerable to serious illness.<\/p>\n
HOW WELL DO THEY WORK?<\/p>\n
In studies, vaccinated youngsters developed levels of virus-fighting antibodies as strong as young adults, suggesting that the kid-size doses protect against coronavirus infections.<\/p>\n
However, exactly how well they work is hard to pin down, especially when it comes to the Pfizer vaccine.<\/p>\n
Two doses of Moderna appeared to be only about 40% effective at preventing milder infections at a time when the omicron variant was causing most COVID-19 illnesses. Pfizer presented study information suggesting the company saw 80% with its three shots. But the Pfizer data was so limited \u2014 and based on such a small number of cases \u2014 that experts and federal officials say they don\u2019t feel there is a reliable estimate yet.<\/p>\n
SHOULD MY LITTLE ONE BE VACCINATED?<\/p>\n
Yes, according to the CDC. While COVID-19 has been the most dangerous for older adults, younger people, including children, can also get very sick.<\/p>\n
Hospitalizations surged during the omicron wave. Since the start of the pandemic, about 480 children under age 5 are counted among the nation\u2019s more than 1 million COVID-19 deaths, according to federal data.<\/p>\n
\u201cIt is worth vaccinating even though the number of deaths are relatively rare, because these deaths are preventable through vaccination,\u201d said Dr. Matthew Daley, a Kaiser Permanente Colorado researcher who sits on the CDC\u2019s advisory committee.<\/p>\n
In a statement Saturday, President Joe Biden urged parents to get them for their young children as soon as possible.<\/p>\n
WHICH VACCINE SHOULD MY CHILD GET?<\/p>\n
Either one, said Dr. Peter Marks, the FDA\u2019s vaccine chief.<\/p>\n
\u201cWhatever vaccine your health care provider, pediatrician has, that\u2019s what I would give my child,\u201d Marks said Friday.<\/p>\n
The doses haven\u2019t been tested against each other, so experts say there\u2019s no way to tell if one is better.<\/p>\n
One consideration: It takes roughly three months to complete the Pfizer three-shot series, but just one month for Moderna\u2019s two shots. So families eager to get children protected quickly might want Moderna.<\/p>\n
WHO\u2019S GIVING THE SHOTS?<\/p>\n
Pediatricians, other primary care physicians and children\u2019s hospitals are planning to provide the vaccines. Limited drugstores will offer them for at least some of the under-5 group.<\/p>\n
U.S. officials expect most shots to take place at pediatricians\u2019 offices. Many parents may be more comfortable getting the vaccine for their kids at their regular doctor, White House COVID-19 coordinator Dr. Ashish Jha said. He predicted the pace of vaccination will be far slower than it was for older populations.<\/p>\n
\u201cWe\u2019re going see vaccinations ramp up over weeks and even potentially over a couple of months,\u201d Jha said.<\/p>\n
CAN CHILDREN GET OTHER VACCINES AT THE SAME TIME?<\/p>\n
It\u2019s common for little kids to get more than one vaccine during a doctor\u2019s visit.<\/p>\n
In studies of the Moderna and Pfizer shots in infants and toddlers, other vaccinations were not given at the same time so there is no data on potential side effects when that happens.<\/p>\n
But problems have not been identified in older children or adults when COVID-19 shots and other vaccinations were given together, and the CDC is advising that it\u2019s safe for younger children as well.<\/p>\n
WHAT IF MY CHILD RECENTLY HAD COVID-19?<\/p>\n
About three-quarters of children\u00a0of all ages are estimated to have been infected at some point. For older ages, the CDC has recommended vaccination anyway to lower the chances of reinfection.<\/p>\n
Experts have noted re-infections among previously infected people and say the highest levels of protection occur in those who were both vaccinated and previously infected.<\/p>\n
The CDC has said people may consider waiting about three months after an infection to be vaccinated.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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